Trigonometry

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In order to access this I need to be confident with:

Angles in a triangle Area of a triangle Rearranging equations 2D shapes 3D shapes Pythagoras Theorem

This topic is relevant for:

GCSE Maths Geometry and Measure

Trigonometry

Here we will learn about trigonometry including how to use SOHCAHTOA, inverse trigonometric functions, exact trigonometric values and the hypotenuse. We’ll also learn about the sine rule, the cosine rule, how to find the area of a triangle using ½abSinC, 3D trigonometry and how to use the sine, cosine and tangent graphs.

There are also trigonometry worksheets based on Edexcel, AQA and OCR exam questions, along with further guidance on where to go next if you’re still stuck.

What is trigonometry?

Trigonometry is the relationship between angles and side lengths within triangles; it is derived from the greek words “trigōnon” meaning triangle and “metron” meaning measure.

Trigonometry was originally used by the Babylonians, over 1500 years before the Greek form that we use today. It is used widely in science and engineering and product design.

The higher GCSE curriculum expands the use of trigonometric functions for non right-angle triangles, developing from the fundamental knowledge of the three trigonometric ratios (expressed as the mnemonic SOHCAHTOA) and exact trigonometric values in right angle triangles.

See also: 15 Trigonometry questions

What is trigonometry

Trigonometry worksheet

Get your free trigonometry worksheet of 20+ questions and answers. Includes reasoning and applied questions.

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Trigonometry worksheet

Get your free trigonometry worksheet of 20+ questions and answers. Includes reasoning and applied questions.

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SOHCAHTOA

What is SOHCAHTOA?

SOHCAHTOA is the abbreviation used to describe the three trigonometric ratios for the sine, cosine and tangent functions.

To determine which trigonometric function you need to use to answer a question, it depends on the location of the angle and the sides of the triangle that will be used.
The trigonometric functions apply to right-angle triangles.

If you know the hypotenuse and the opposite side of the angle, you would use the sine function.
If you know the hypotenuse and the adjacent side (next to) the angle, you would use the cosine function.
If you know the opposite and adjacent sides to the angle, you use the tangent function.

We can use SOHCAHTOA to calculate lengths and angles in 2D and 3D shapes by recognising right-angle triangles.

E.g.
We can find the length AC of a parallelogram or the length AH in the cuboid below.

Step-by-step guide: SOHCAHTOA

Hypotenuse

What is the hypotenuse?

The hypotenuse is the longest side of a right angle triangle. It is the side opposite the right angle.

The hypotenuse does not occur for other types of triangles unless we know more information (such as an isosceles triangle can be made from 2 identical right angle triangles, back-to-back).

Labelling the other sides of the triangle

Once we know which angle we are using, we can label the sides opposite (O), adjacent (A) and hypotenuse (H).
We know the hypotenuse is opposite the right angle.
The opposite side is opposite the angle we are using.
The adjacent side is next to the angle we are using.

The triangle below is labelled based on using the angle θ .

Step-by-step guide: Hypotenuse

Example 1: find a side given the angle and the hypotenuse

ABC is a right angle triangle. The size of angle ACB = 60º and the length BC = 16cm.

Calculate the value of x.

Labelling the sides OAH in relation to the angle 60º, we can use the hypotenuse, and we need to find the adjacent side. We therefore need to use the cosine function.

\[ \begin{aligned} cos(\theta)&=\frac{A}{H}\\\\ cos(60)&=\frac{x}{16} \\\\ 16\times cos(60&)=x\\\\ x&=8cm. \end{aligned} \]

Inverse trigonometric functions

What are inverse trigonometric functions?

Inverse trigonometric functions allow us to calculate the size of angle θ for a right-angle triangle.

The inverse trigonometric functions look like this:

	Sine	Cosine	Tangent
Trigonometric Function	$\sin(\theta) = \frac{O}{H}$	$\cos(\theta)=\frac{A}{H}$	$\tan(\theta)=\frac{O}{A}$
Other Forms	$H=\frac{O}{\sin(\theta)}$ $O=H\times\sin(\theta)$	$H=\frac{A}{\cos(\theta)}$ $A=H\times\cos(\theta)$	$A=\frac{O}{\tan(\theta)}$ $O=A\times\tan(\theta)$
Inverse Trigonometric Function	$\theta=\sin^{-1}(\frac{O}{H})$	$\theta=\cos^{-1}(\frac{A}{H})$	$\theta=\tan^{-1}(\frac{O}{A})$

Step-by-step guide: Trigonometric functions

Example 2: find the angle using inverse trigonometric functions

Calculate the size of angle θ correct to 2 decimal places.

Trigonometry inverse trigonometric functions Image 7

The two sides that can be used to calculate the value of θ are the opposite and the hypotenuse and so we apply the sine function to θ to get

\[ sin(\theta)=\frac{8}{10}. \]

In order to calculate θ, we rearrange the equation by using the inverse sine function.

We therefore have:

\[ \begin{aligned} \sin^{-1}(\sin(\theta))&=\sin^{-1}(\frac{8}{10})\\ \\\theta&=\sin^{-1}(\frac{8}{10})\\ \\\theta&=53.13^{\circ}\quad(2dp).\\ \end{aligned} \]

Exact trigonometric values

What are exact trigonometric values?

Exact trigonometric values are found when the relationship between the sides and the angles in a triangle have a specific relationship.
Summarising these values, we obtain the exact trigonometric values for sine, cosine and tangent for 0 ≤ θ ≤ 90º.

\[ \begin{aligned} & 0^{\circ} \quad \quad \quad \quad 30^{\circ} \quad \quad \quad \quad 45^{\circ} \quad \quad \quad \quad 60^{\circ} \quad \quad \quad \quad 90^{\circ} \\\\ \text{sin}(x) \quad\quad \quad \quad &0 \; \quad \quad \quad \quad \frac{1}{2} \quad \quad \quad \quad \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\quad \quad \quad \quad \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \quad \quad \quad \quad 1 \\\\ \text{cos}(x) \quad\quad \quad \quad &1 \; \quad \quad \quad \;\; \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \; \; \quad \quad \quad \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\;\; \quad \quad \quad \quad \frac{1}{2} \quad \quad \quad \quad \; 0 \\\\ \text{tan}(x) \quad\quad \quad \quad &0 \; \quad \quad \quad \;\; \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \; \quad \quad \quad \quad 1 \;\;\; \quad \quad \quad \quad \sqrt{3} \quad \quad \quad \text{Undefined} \end{aligned}\]

Example 3: using exact trigonometric values

ABC is an equilateral triangle. M is the midpoint of AC. Calculate the exact size of the angle θ.

Trigonometry exact trigonometric Image 8

AC = 6cm so MC = 3cm

We therefore have the triangle:

Trigonometry exact trigonometric Image 9

\[ \begin{aligned} \sin(\theta)&=\frac{O}{H}\\ \\\sin(\theta)&=\frac{3}{6}\\ \\\sin(\theta)&=\frac{1}{2}\\ \end{aligned} \]

Using the table above,

\[ \begin{aligned} \text{if } \sin(\theta) = \frac{1}{2}, \text{ then } \theta=30^{\circ}\\ \end{aligned} \]

Pythagoras or trigonometry?

We need to be able to interpret problems and recognise whether we need to use Pythagoras’ Theorem in 2D, 3D, or one of the three trigonometric ratios.

This flow chart describes the information you need to know about a shape in order to solve the problem.

Trigonometry Hypotenuse Flow Chart Image 12

It is important to recognise that with most of these problems, you may need to use the Pythagorean Theorem, or trigonometry, or both within the same question so you must be confident with these topics individually to access this topic fully.

Below is a summary of methods that can be used for right angled triangles:

Name	Used to find…	Rule or Formula
Pythagoras’ Theorem in 2D	The hypotenuse $(c)$ A shorter side $(a)$ Whether the triangle contains a right angle or not	$c=\sqrt{a^{2}+b^{2}}$ $a=\sqrt{c^{2}-b^{2}}$ $a^2 +b^2=c^2$
Sine Function	Missing side: Hypotenuse $(H)$ or Opposite $(O)$	$H=\frac{O}{\sin(\theta)}$ $O=H\times\sin(\theta)$
Cosine Function	Missing side: Hypotenuse $(H)$ or Adjacent $(A)$	$H=\frac{A}{\cos(\theta)}$ $A=H\times\cos(\theta)$
Tangent Function	Missing side: Adjacent $(A)$ or Opposite $(O)$	$A=\frac{O}{\tan(\theta)}$ $O=A\times\tan(\theta)$
Inverse Sine Function	Missing angle $(\theta)$	$\theta=\sin^{-1}(\frac{O}{H})$
Inverse Cosine Function	Missing angle $(\theta)$	$\theta=\cos^{-1}(\frac{A}{H})$
Inverse Tangent Function	Missing angle $(\theta)$	$\theta=\tan^{-1}(\frac{O}{A})$
Pythagoras’ Theorem in 3D	The diagonal $(D)$	$D=\sqrt{x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}}$

Example 4: find the hypotenuse using trigonometry

Calculate the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle, x, to 1 decimal place.

Trigonometry Hypotenuse Flow Chart Image 14

The two important sides in this question are the opposite side (O) to the angle and the hypotenuse (H) so we need to use the sine function to calculate the value of x.

\[ \begin{aligned} H&=\frac{O}{\sin(\theta)}\\ \\H&=\frac{56}{\sin(63)}\\ \\H&=62.9m\quad(1dp)\\ \end{aligned} \]

Solving non right angle triangles

Sine rule (the law of sines)

What is the sine rule?

The sine rule (or the law of sines) is a relationship between the size of an angle in a triangle and the opposite side. There are three relationships in a triangle as there are 3 angles with their opposing sides but you will only need to use two.

Pythagoras’ Theorem cannot be used to find the third side of a non-right angled triangle. Instead we can use the sine rule or the cosine rule, depending on the information we know about the triangle.

To find a missing angle:

$\frac{\sin (A)}{a}=\frac{\sin (B)}{b}$

To find a missing side:

$\frac{a}{\sin (A)}=\frac{b}{\sin (B)}$

Step-by-step guide: Sine rule

Example 5: Finding a missing side of a triangle using the sine rule

Calculate the length AB. Write your answer to 2 decimal places.

Label each angle A, B and C and each side a, b and c:

Here we know side a and we want to find the length of c, therefore we can state:

\begin{array}{l} \frac{a}{\sin (A)}=\frac{c}{\sin (C)}\\ \\\frac{6}{\sin (55)}=\frac{c}{\sin (73)}\\ \\c=\frac{6}{\sin (55)}\times\sin(73)\\ \\c=\frac{6\sin(73)}{\sin (55)}\\ \\c=7.00\quad(2dp) \end{array}

Here, the length AB = 7.00cm (2dp).

Cosine rule (the law of cosines)

What is the cosine rule?

The cosine rule (or the law of cosines) is a formula which can be used to calculate the missing sides of a triangle or to find a missing angle. To do this we need to know the two arrangements of the formula and what each variable represents.

To find a missing side:

$a^{2}=b^{2}+c^{2}-2bc\cos(A)$

To find a missing angle:

$A=\cos^{-1}(\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc})$

Step-by-step guide: Cosine rule

Example 6: find the missing side using the cosine rule

Find the length of x for triangle ABC, correct to 2 decimal places.

The vertices are already labelled with A located on the angle we are using so we only need to label the opposite sides of a, b, and c.

Here, we need to find the missing side a, therefore we need to state the cosine rule with a² as the subject:

\begin{array}{l} a^{2}=b^{2}+c^{2}-2bc\cos(A)\\ \\x^{2}=7.1^{2}+6.5^{2}-2\times7.1\times6.5\times\cos(32)\\ \\x^{2}=50.41+42.25-92.3\times\cos(32)\\ \\x^{2}=92.66-78.27483928…\\ \\x^{2}=14.38516072…\\ \\x=\sqrt{14.38516072…}\\ \\x=3.79cm\quad(2dp)\\ \end{array}

1/2abSin(C) (area of a triangle)

What is 1/2abSin(C)?

$\frac{1}{2}abSin(C)$ is a formula to calculate the area of any triangle.

\[ Area =\frac{1}{2}ab\sin(C). \]

Step-by-step guide: Area of a triangle trig

Example 7: area using A=1/2abSin(C)

Calculate the area of the triangle ABC. Write your answer to 2 decimal places.

Here, we label each side a, b, and c.

\begin{array}{l} A=\frac{1}{2}ab\sin(C)\\ \\A=\frac{1}{2}(12\times7\times\sin(77))\\ \\A=\frac{81.84708544}{2}\\ \\A=40.92cm^{2}\quad(2dp)\\ \end{array}

3D trigonometry

What is 3D trigonometry?

3D trigonometry is the application of the trigonometric skills developed for 2 dimensional triangles.

To find missing sides or angles in 3 dimensional shapes, we need to be very clear with the rules and formulae to find these different angles and side lengths.
The flowchart below can help determine which function you need to use:

Once you can justify which rule or formulae you need to use, you may need to carry out this process again for another triangle in the question.

Top tip: Look out for common angles or common sides.

Step-by-step guide: 3D trigonometry

Example 8: find the missing angle in a triangular prism

Calculate the size of the angle in the triangular prism ABCDEF.

We can see that triangle ABF and triangle ACF share the side AF. We can use triangle ACF to calculate the length of AF, which will then help us calculate the size of angle θ .

Trigonometry practice question 8 explained

This triangle contains no information about the angles so we need to use Pythagoras Theorem.

\begin{aligned} a^{2}+b^{2}&=c^{2}\\ 4^{2}+8^{2}&=c^{2}\\ 80&=c^{2}\\ c&=\sqrt{80}\\ c&=8.94427191 \end{aligned}

This is a right angled triangle involving angles so we need to use SOHCAHTOA.

Trigonometry practice question 8 labelled triangle

Since we know O and A, we need to use tan.

\begin{aligned} \tan(\theta)&=\frac{O}{A}\\ \tan(\theta) &= \frac{5}{8.94427191}\\ \theta &= \tan^{-1}(\frac{5}{8.94427191})\\ \theta &= 29.21^{\circ} \end{aligned}

Trigonometric graphs

The trigonometric functions sine, cosine and tangent can be represented by graphs.

For example, as the angle changes, so does the value of sine. This can be plotted on a graph.


Angle	0	15	30	45	60	75	90
Sine (to 3 decimal places)	0	0.259	0.5	0.707	0.866	0.966	1

Let’s look at this in more detail below.

Sine, cosine and tangent graphs

What are sine, cosine, and tangent graphs?

Trigonometric graphs are a visual representation of the sine, cosine and tangent functions. The horizontal axis represents the angle, usually written as θ, and the vertical axis is the trig function.

See below for all three trigonometric graphs for all angles of θ between -360º and 360º (-360 < θ < 360).

The graph of y = sin(θ)

Trigonometry Sine Cosine and Tangent Graphs Image 26

Step-by-step guide: Sin graph

The graph of y = cos(θ)

Trigonometry Sine Cosine and Tangent Graphs Image 27

Step-by-step guide: Cos graph

The graph of y = tan(θ)

Trigonometry Sine Cosine and Tangent Graphs Image 28

Step-by-step guide: Tan graph

Example 9: state the value of tan(θ) with θ known

Use the graph of y = tan(θ) to estimate the value of y when θ = 120º.

Trigonometry Sine Cosine and Tangent Graphs Image 29

Here we draw the vertical line at 120º until it reaches the tangent curve and then a horizontal line towards the y-axis.

Trigonometry Sine Cosine and Tangent Graphs Image 30

As the scale for each mark on the y-axis is 0.25, the value for tan(120) is approximately equal to -1.7 (1dp).

Common misconceptions

Labelling a triangle incorrectly

E.g.
This triangle has been incorrectly labelled with the side next to the angle.

Trigonometry Common Mixconceptions Image 31

This will have an impact on the formula for the sine rule, the cosine rule, and the area of the triangle.

Using the incorrect trigonometric function

If the triangle is incorrectly labelled it can lead to the use of the incorrect standard or inverse trigonometric function.

Rounding the decimal too early

This can lose accuracy marks. Always use as many decimal places as possible throughout the calculation, then round the solution.

Pythagoras’ Theorem or trigonometry?

Use the flowchart to help you to recognise when to use Pythagoras’ Theorem and when to use trigonometry. Remember, you may need to use both.

Using the sine rule instead of cosine rule

In order to use the sine rule we need to have pairs of opposite angles and sides.

Not using the included angle

For the cosine rule and the area of a triangle using A=1/2absin(C), the angle is included between the two sides. Using any other angle will result in an incorrect solution.

Using A = b × h ÷ 2

If the vertical height of a triangle is not available then we cannot calculate the area by halving the base times the height.

Using the inverse trig function instead, inducing a mathematical error

If the inverse trig function is used instead of the standard trig function, the calculator may return a maths error as the solution does not exist.

Sine and cosine graphs switched

The sine and cosine graphs are very similar and can easily be confused with one another. A tip to remember is that you “sine up” from 0 for the sine graph so the line is increasing whereas you “cosine down” from 1 so the line is decreasing for the cosine graph.

Trigonometry Common Misconceptions Image 33

Asymptotes are drawn incorrectly for the graph of the tangent function

The tangent function has an asymptote at 90º because this value is undefined. As the curve repeats every 180º, the next asymptote is at 270º and so on.

The graphs are sketched using a ruler

Each trigonometric graph is a curve and therefore the only time you are required to use a ruler is to draw a set of axes. Practice sketching each curve freehand and label important values on each axis.

Practice trigonometry questions

17.87cm

13.96cm

0.06cm

0.21cm

This is a right angled triangle involving angles so use SOHCAHTOA.

First we need to label the sides $O, A$ and $H.$

Trigonometry practice question explained 1

We know $A$ and we want to find $H$ so we need to use cos.

\begin{aligned} H&=\frac{A}{\cos(\theta)}\\\\ H&=\frac{11}{\cos(52)}\\\\ H&=17.87\mathrm{cm} \end{aligned}

30^{\circ}

45^{\circ}

60^{\circ}

90^{\circ}

First we need to label the sides $O, A$ and $H.$

Trigonometry practice question 3 labelled

Since we know $O$ and $A$ , we need to use tan.

\begin{aligned} \tan(\theta) &= \frac{O}{A}\\\\ \tan(\theta) &= \frac{\sqrt{3}}{1}\\\\ \tan(\theta) &=\sqrt{3} \end{aligned}

Using the exact trigonometric values,

\tan(\theta)=\sqrt{3} \text{ when } \theta=60^{\circ}

60.67^{\circ}

54.53^{\circ}

46.69^{\circ}

60.07^{\circ}

This is not a right angled triangle and we know an angle and its opposite side so we need to use the sine rule.

Trigonometry practice question 3 explained

\begin{aligned} \frac{\sin(A)}{a}&=\frac{\sin(B)}{b}\\\\ \frac{\sin(\theta)}{13}&=\frac{sin(70)}{15} \\\\ \sin(\theta)&= \frac{sin(70)}{15} \times 13\\\\ \sin(\theta)&=0.8144002713\\\\ \theta &=\sin^{-1}(0.8144002713)\\\\ \theta&=54.53^{\circ} \end{aligned}

168cm^{2}

91.50cm^{2}

23.71cm^{2}

140.90cm^{2}

We do not know the base or the height so we need to use:

A=\frac{1}{2}ab \sin(C)

Trigonometry practice question 4 labelled triangle

\begin{aligned} A&=\frac{1}{2} \times 12 \times 28 \times \sin(57)\\\\ A&= 140.90cm^{2} \end{aligned}

9.11cm

7.81cm

10.39 cm

10.91cm

The triangles $AGH$ and $AEH$ share the line $AH$ .
Using the triangle $AGH$ we can calculate the length of the line $AH.$

Trigonometry practice question 5 labelled triangle

\begin{aligned} A &= \frac{O}{\tan(\theta)}\\\\ A &= \frac{6}{\tan(30)}\\\\ A &= 6\sqrt{3} \mathrm{cm} \end{aligned}

Using the triangle $AEH$ we can calculate the length of $AE$ .

Trigonometry practice question 6 explained

\begin{aligned} a^{2}&+b^{2}=c^{2}\\\\ (AE)^{2}+5^{2}&=(6\sqrt{3})^{2}\\\\ (AE)^{2}&=(6\sqrt{3})^{2}-5^{2}\\\\ (AE)^{2}&=83\\\\ AE&=\sqrt{3}\\\\ AE&=9.11 \mathrm{cm} \end{aligned}

(90, -1)

(180, 0)

(180, -1)

(90, 0)

Trigonometry Sine Cosine and Tangent Graphs Image 27

The minimum point occurs at $(180, -1)$

Trigonometry GCSE questions

1. Below is a sketch of a football pitch $ABCD$ .

Trigonometry Exam Question 1 Image 44

(a) Player $F$ is standing exactly $60m$ perpendicular to Player $E$ on the goal line and $75m$ from the corner where Player $A$ is standing.

Player $A$ kicks the football directly to Player $F$ . Calculate the bearing of $F$ from $A$ . Write your answer correct to $2$ decimal places.

(b) Player $F$ then passes the ball to Player $G$ (the goal keeper). Player $G$ is standing at the midpoint of $BC$ at a bearing of $060^{\circ}$ from $F$ .

How far is Player $G$ from Player $F$ ? Write your answer to $2$ decimal places.

Trigonometry Exam Question 1b Image 45

(7 Marks)

Show answer

(a)

Bearing of $F$ from $A = 180 -$ angle $EAF$

(1)

Angle $AEF = \sin^{-1}(\frac{60}{75})$

(1)

Angle $AEF = 53.13^{\circ}$

(1)

Bearing of $F$ from $A = 180 – 53.13 =126.87^{\circ}$

(1)

(b)

Trigonometry Exam Question 1b Image 45

(1)

$FG = \frac{45}{sin(60)}$

(1)

$FG = 51.96m$

(1)

2. Triangle $ABE$ and $ACD$ are similar with $AB:BC = 1:3.$ Using the information on the diagram, calculate the area of the shaded region $BCDE$ .

State the units in your answer.

Trigonometry Exam Question 2 Image 41

(8 Marks)

Show answer

Area $(ABE) = ½ \times a \times b \times sin(C) = ½ \times 4 \times 6 \times sin(30)$

(1)

$Sin(30) = ½$

(1)

Area $(ABE) = 6cm^2$

(1)

As $AB:BC=1:3, BC= 4 \times 3 = 12cm$ and $DE = 6 \times 3 = 18cm$

(1)

$AC = 12+4 = 16cm$ and $AD = 6+18 = 24cm$

(1)

Area $(ACD) = ½ \times a \times b \times sin(C) = ½ \times 16 \times 24 \times sin(30)$

(1)

Area $(ACD) = 96cm^2$

(1)

Area $BCDE = 96 - 6 = 90cm^2$

(1)

3. (a) The cuboid $ABCDEFGH$ is shown below. $ADEF$ is a square face with the side length of $2m$ , and the length $AB = 8cm.$

Calculate the length of the line $AE.$ Write your answer as a surd in its simplest form.

Trigonometry Exam Question 3a Image 42

(b) Given that the point $X$ lies on the line $EH$ so that $XH = 3EX$ and angle $XAB = 54.7^{\circ}$ , calculate the length of the line $BX$ .

Trigonometry Exam Question 3b Image 43

(10 Marks)

Show answer

(a)

$AE^2 = AF^2 + EF^2$

(1)

$AE^2 = 2^2 + 2^2 = 8$

(1)

$AE = \sqrt{8} = 2\sqrt{2}$

(1)

(b)

$EX = 8 / 4 = 2m$

(1)

$AX = \sqrt{2^{2}+2\sqrt{2}^{2}}$

(1)

$AX = 2\sqrt{3}$

(1)

Cosine rule stated to find $BX$ :

$BX^{2}=AX^{2}+AB^{2}-2\times{AX}\times{AB}\times\cos(A)$

(1)

$BX^{2}=(2\sqrt{3})^{2}+8^{2}-2\times{2\sqrt{3}}\times{8}\times\cos(54.7)$

(1)

$BX^{2}=43.97m$

(1)

$BX=6.63m$

(1)

Learning checklist

You have now learned how to:

use trigonometric ratios in similar triangles to solve problems involving right-angled triangles

recognise, sketch and interpret graphs of trigonometric functions (with arguments in degrees)

y = sin x, y = cos x

and

y = tan x

for angles of any size

apply trigonometric ratios to find angles and lengths in right-angled triangles and, where possible, general triangles in

2

and

3

dimensional figures

know the exact values of

sin θ

and

cos θ for θ = 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°

and

90°

; know the exact value of

tan θ

for

θ = 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°

know and apply the sine rule, and cosine rule, to find unknown lengths and angles

know and apply area =

\frac{1}{2}abSinC

to calculate the area, sides or angles of any triangle

The next lessons are

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